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Quizzes > Quizzes for Business > Construction

Hydrostatic Pressure Knowledge Test Quiz

Explore Key Principles of Fluid Pressure

Difficulty: Moderate
Questions: 20
Learning OutcomesStudy Material
Colorful paper art promoting a quiz on Hydrostatic Pressure Knowledge Test

Are you ready to conquer a hydrostatic pressure quiz that brings fluid mechanics to life? This Hydrostatic Pressure Knowledge Test challenges you with 15 multiple-choice questions designed to deepen your understanding of fluid pressure and buoyancy. Perfect for physics students and aspiring engineers, the free quiz can be tailored in our user-friendly editor to match your learning goals. Customize each question or add new ones to fit your curriculum. When you're done, explore the Blood Pressure Regulation Quiz, try the Anatomy Knowledge Test, or browse all quizzes to further sharpen your skills.

What is the hydrostatic pressure at a depth h in a fluid of density ϝ under gravity g?
p = ϝg/h
p = ϝgh
p = mgh
p = gh/ϝ
In an incompressible fluid at rest, hydrostatic pressure increases linearly with depth according to p = ϝgh. This formula comes directly from balancing a column of fluid under gravity.
If the depth in a fluid is doubled, how does the hydrostatic pressure change?
It halves
It remains the same
It quadruples
It doubles
Hydrostatic pressure p = ϝgh is directly proportional to depth h, so doubling h doubles p. All other factors remain constant.
Which SI unit is used to measure pressure?
Pascal (Pa)
Joule (J)
Newton (N)
Atmosphere (atm)
The SI unit of pressure is the Pascal, defined as one Newton per square meter (N/m²). Atmospheres and bars are common but not SI base units.
At the same depth, which fluid exerts the greatest hydrostatic pressure?
Air
Mercury
Oil
Water
Hydrostatic pressure p = ϝgh depends on fluid density ϝ. Mercury has a much higher density than water, oil, or air, so it exerts the highest pressure at the same depth.
Which factor does NOT affect the hydrostatic pressure at a specific depth?
Shape of the container
Gravitational acceleration
Density of the fluid
Depth below the surface
Hydrostatic pressure depends only on fluid density, depth, and gravity. The container's shape does not influence the pressure at a given depth in a static fluid.
What principle states that pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished throughout the fluid?
Archimedes' principle
Bernoulli's principle
Pascal's law
Newton's law
Pascal's law holds that any change in pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted equally in all directions throughout the fluid.
In a hydraulic press with a small piston area of 2 cm² and a large piston area of 20 cm², what is the output force when 50 N is applied to the small piston?
100 N
1000 N
250 N
500 N
Force is amplified by the area ratio: F₂ = F₝·(A₂/A₝) = 50 N·(20/2) = 500 N. This is a direct application of Pascal's law.
In communicating vessels filled with the same fluid, the fluid levels in each vessel will...
Differ based on vessel width
Remain at the same height
Equalize only if connected by a pump
Vary randomly
In communicating vessels at equilibrium, the pressure at the same horizontal level must be equal, so the fluid heights are identical regardless of vessel shape.
A U-tube manometer is filled with water and connected to a gas line. A height difference of 0.1 m is observed. What pressure difference does this correspond to? (ϝ=1000 kg/m³, g=9.81 m/s²)
100 Pa
981 Pa
9.81 Pa
9810 Pa
Pressure difference Δp = ϝgh = 1000·9.81·0.1 ≈ 981 Pa. A manometer measures Δp by the fluid column height difference.
How does an increase in temperature generally affect the hydrostatic pressure at a given depth in a liquid?
It decreases due to reduced density
It increases due to higher kinetic energy
It oscillates
It remains unchanged
Raising temperature usually reduces liquid density, which lowers ϝgh at a fixed depth, thus slightly reducing hydrostatic pressure.
What is the buoyant force on an object submerged in a fluid equal to?
The object's density
The weight of the fluid displaced by the object
The object's volume times gravity
The weight of the object
Archimedes' principle states that the buoyant force equals the weight of fluid displaced by the submerged object.
A cube of volume 0.02 m³ is submerged in water (density 1000 kg/m³). What is the magnitude of its buoyant force? (g=9.81 m/s²)
196.2 N
98.1 N
9.81 N
200 N
Buoyant force F_b = ϝ·V·g = 1000·0.02·9.81 ≈ 196.2 N. It's directly the weight of the displaced water.
What does gauge pressure measure?
Pressure below atmospheric only
Total pressure including atmosphere
Pressure above atmospheric pressure
Absolute vacuum pressure
Gauge pressure is the difference between absolute pressure and atmospheric pressure, so it measures how much above (or below) atmosphere.
A tank contains two immiscible fluids of densities 800 kg/m³ over 1200 kg/m³. If the top layer is 0.5 m thick and the bottom is 0.7 m thick, what is the total pressure at the bottom due to these fluids? (g=10 m/s²)
8400 Pa
1240 Pa
12400 Pa
5600 Pa
Total pressure = ϝ₝gh₝ + ϝ₂gh₂ = 800·10·0.5 + 1200·10·0.7 = 4000 + 8400 = 12400 Pa.
In a sealed container, fluid is at rest. At two points at the same horizontal level, what can be said about the pressures?
Pressure increases with depth
They are equal
Pressure decreases
One is greater randomly
In a static fluid, pressure is the same at all points on a horizontal plane, since depth is identical for both points.
Why can't the pressure variation with depth in a gas be described by p = ϝgh?
Because gravity does not act on gases
Because p = ϝgh applies only in vacuum
Because gases are always at uniform density
Gas density changes with pressure and height
Gases are compressible, so density ϝ is not constant with depth. The simple linear relation p = ϝgh applies only when ϝ is uniform.
A mercury barometer reads 760 mm at sea level. On a mountain where atmospheric pressure is 85 kPa, what height will the mercury column show? (ϝ=13600 kg/m³, g=9.8 m/s²)
638 mm
700 mm
665 mm
760 mm
Height h = p/(ϝg) = 85000 Pa/(13600·9.8) ≈ 0.638 m or 638 mm, since barometer height is directly proportional to pressure.
A hydraulic system lifts a 500 kg car. If the driver applies a force of 200 N on the small piston of diameter 2 cm, what diameter must the large piston have to lift the car? (Neglect losses.)
10 cm
50 cm
5 cm
20 cm
Required output force is 500·9.81≈4905 N. Area ratio = 4905/200 ≈ 24.525. Small piston area = π·(0.01)², so large diameter ≈10 cm.
In a U-shaped tube open to the atmosphere, one side has water (ϝ=1000 kg/m³) to 2 m height, the other side contains oil (ϝ=800 kg/m³). What is the equilibrium height of the oil column?
2.8 m
2.5 m
2 m
1.6 m
At equilibrium ϝ_w·g·h_w = ϝ_o·g·h_o ⇒ h_o = (ϝ_w/ϝ_o)·2 m = 1000/800·2 = 2.5 m.
A solid sphere of volume 0.001 m³ and density 8000 kg/m³ is submerged in oil of density 700 kg/m³. What is its apparent weight? (g=10 m/s²)
80 N
73 N
87 N
7 N
True weight = 8000·0.001·10 = 80 N; buoyant force = 700·0.001·10 = 7 N; apparent weight = 80−7 = 73 N.
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Learning Outcomes

  1. Analyse the relationship between pressure, depth, and density in fluids.
  2. Identify factors that influence hydrostatic pressure in different contexts.
  3. Apply Pascal's law to solve practical fluid pressure problems.
  4. Demonstrate understanding of pressure variation in connected vessels.
  5. Evaluate the impact of fluid properties on pressure measurements.
  6. Master key concepts of buoyancy and its connection to hydrostatic pressure.

Cheat Sheet

  1. Understanding Hydrostatic Pressure - Hydrostatic pressure increases with depth due to the weight of the fluid above and follows the formula P = ϝ g h, where ϝ is density, g is gravity, and h is depth. It's the reason why deep-sea explorers feel an immense squeeze as they dive further under the waves! Read more on GeeksforGeeks
    2. GeeksforGeeks: Hydrostatic Pressure
  2. Pascal's Law and Its Applications - Pascal's Law tells us that any change in pressure on an enclosed fluid is transmitted equally in all directions, which makes hydraulic lifts and car brakes possible. A small push on one piston can lift massive weights on another! Discover Pascal's Law Applications
    3. BYJU'S: Pascal's Law and Its Applications
  3. Buoyancy and Archimedes' Principle - Archimedes' Principle states that an object submerged in fluid is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the displaced fluid. That's why ships float even though they're made of steel - they displace enough water to support their weight! Explore Archimedes' Principle
    4. Wikipedia: Hydrostatics
  4. Hydrostatic Force on Submerged Surfaces - The force on any submerged surface depends on how pressure varies with depth, so you integrate pressure over the area to get the total push. Engineers use this to design dams and underwater windows that can resist heavy water loads. Calculate Hydrostatic Force
    5. Lamar University Tutorial: Hydrostatic Pressure
  5. Manometers and Pressure Measurement - Manometers balance a fluid column against known pressure to give a visual reading; U-tube and inclined versions cover different ranges with precision. They're the trusty gauges in labs and HVAC systems for quick, accurate pressure checks! Manometer Types Explained
    6. Online Sciences: Manometer Types and Uses
  6. Hydraulic Press Mechanics - A hydraulic press uses Pascal's Law to amplify force: a small push on a smaller piston produces a huge lift on a larger piston. It's like using a tiny finger tap to lift an elephant - pure hydraulic magic! See Hydraulic Press in Action
    7. BYJU'S: Hydraulic Press Mechanics
  7. Hydrostatic Pressure in Connected Vessels - In communicating vessels, fluid levels adjust so that the pressure at the same depth stays equal, no matter the shape or size of each container. Pour some water in and watch the levels magically balance out! Learn About Connected Vessels
    8. Wikipedia: Hydrostatics
  8. Factors Influencing Hydrostatic Pressure - Hydrostatic pressure depends on fluid density, gravitational pull, and how deep you go. Change any one of these factors - like diving in oil instead of water - and the pressure reading shifts! Deep Dive into Factors
    9. GeeksforGeeks: Hydrostatic Pressure
  9. Hydraulic Braking Systems - Hydraulic brakes transmit force from the pedal to the brake pads via fluid pressure, giving smooth and powerful stopping power. It's Pascal's Law in your car, making sure you can halt safely even at high speeds! Discover Hydraulic Brakes
    10. GeeksforGeeks: Pascal's Law in Braking
  10. Hydrostatic Equilibrium in Fluids - A fluid reaches hydrostatic equilibrium when its pressure gradient perfectly balances gravity, so there's no net flow. This principle helps meteorologists predict atmospheric pressure patterns and oceanographers map sea-floor pressure! Understand Equilibrium
    11. Wikipedia: Hydrostatics
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