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Quizzes > Quizzes for Business > Healthcare

Take the Inpatient Pediatric Dermatology Assessment Quiz

Evaluate Pediatric Skin Conditions with Confidence

Difficulty: Moderate
Questions: 20
Learning OutcomesStudy Material
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Test your skills with this Inpatient Pediatric Dermatology Assessment Quiz designed for busy clinicians. It features 15 multiple-choice questions on common skin conditions in hospitalized children. This quiz is ideal for medical students, residents, and nurses aiming to sharpen clinical assessment skills, and can be freely modified in our editor. Try the Pediatric Clinical Knowledge Quiz or review basics in the Pediatric Health Awareness Quiz. Explore more quizzes to expand your expertise today!

A 2-year-old child presents with pruritic, erythematous, lichenified plaques in the antecubital and popliteal fossae. Which condition is most likely?
Psoriasis
Contact dermatitis
Seborrheic dermatitis
Atopic dermatitis
Atopic dermatitis characteristically presents in young children with pruritic, lichenified plaques in flexural folds. Seborrheic dermatitis typically involves yellowish scales on scalp or face. Psoriasis favors extensor surfaces and contact dermatitis is usually sharply demarcated at exposure sites.
A preschool child has honey-colored crusts around the nostrils and mouth. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Cellulitis
Eczema herpeticum
Erysipelas
Impetigo
Impetigo often presents with honey-colored crusted lesions around the mouth and nose in children. Erysipelas shows raised, well-demarcated erythema and cellulitis is deeper with diffuse swelling. Eczema herpeticum presents with punched-out erosions in atopic dermatitis.
A 2-week-old infant develops inflammatory papules and pustules on the cheeks without comedones. What is the diagnosis?
Neonatal acne
Sebaceous hyperplasia
Milia
Erythema toxicum neonatorum
Neonatal acne presents at 2 - 6 weeks with inflammatory papules and pustules on the face without true comedones. Erythema toxicum neonatorum appears earlier with eosinophilic pustules and spreads over the body. Milia are small keratin cysts without inflammation.
An inpatient infant has bright red macerated patches in the diaper area with satellite pustules. Which is the most likely cause?
Irritant diaper dermatitis
Candidal diaper dermatitis
Allergic contact dermatitis
Psoriatic diaper rash
Candidal dermatitis in the diaper area presents as bright red patches with satellite pustules or papules. Irritant dermatitis is more diffuse without satellite lesions. Psoriatic diaper rash is salmon-colored and contact dermatitis follows exposure patterns.
A child develops transient, pruritic, raised wheals that migrate over hours. What is the most appropriate diagnosis?
Urticaria
Morbilliform drug eruption
Erythema multiforme
lichen planus
Urticaria is characterized by transient, pruritic wheals that change location within 24 hours. Morbilliform eruptions present with fixed maculopapular rashes. Erythema multiforme has target lesions, and lichen planus presents with violaceous papules.
A 3-year-old has widespread erythema and flaccid bullae with a positive Nikolsky sign. Which diagnosis is most likely?
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
Toxic epidermal necrolysis
Bullous impetigo
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
SSSS presents in young children with diffuse erythema, flaccid bullae, and a positive Nikolsky sign due to exfoliative toxins. TEN and SJS involve mucosal erosions and full-thickness epidermal necrosis. Bullous impetigo is localized.
A child presents with salmon-pink plaques and silvery scales on the extensor elbows and knees. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Atopic dermatitis
Psoriasis
Seborrheic dermatitis
Pityriasis rosea
Psoriasis typically manifests as well-demarcated salmon-pink plaques with silvery scale on extensor surfaces. Seborrheic dermatitis has greasy yellow scales on scalp or face. Atopic dermatitis favors flexures, and pityriasis rosea shows a herald patch followed by a Christmas tree distribution.
A pediatric patient develops a widespread morbilliform rash one week after starting amoxicillin. What is the best classification?
Fixed drug eruption
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Urticaria
Morbilliform drug eruption
A morbilliform drug eruption commonly appears 1 - 2 weeks after initiating an antibiotic as a diffuse maculopapular rash. Fixed drug eruptions recur at the same sites. Urticaria presents with wheals, and SJS involves mucosal necrosis.
A hospitalized child has MRSA cellulitis. Which first-line intravenous antibiotic is most appropriate?
Amoxicillin-clavulanate
Vancomycin
Cefazolin
Azithromycin
Vancomycin is the first-line IV treatment for MRSA skin and soft tissue infections. Cefazolin covers MSSA, azithromycin lacks reliable MRSA coverage, and amoxicillin-clavulanate is oral and not appropriate for MRSA cellulitis.
Which inpatient treatment is most appropriate for a child with a guttate psoriasis flare following streptococcal pharyngitis?
Oral tetracycline
Narrow-band UVB phototherapy
Topical coal tar
Oral isotretinoin
Narrow-band UVB phototherapy is an evidence-based inpatient therapy for guttate psoriasis. Topical coal tar is used outpatient. Oral isotretinoin is for acne, and tetracycline is for bacterial infections, not psoriasis.
Which element is essential to document during a comprehensive dermatology assessment?
Home dietary preferences
Patient's eye color
Lesion morphology, distribution, and size
Number of siblings
Accurate dermatology documentation requires lesion morphology, distribution, and size. Eye color, siblings, or diet preferences are not relevant to skin lesion assessment. Thorough recording ensures clear monitoring over time.
A febrile child with conjunctival injection, strawberry tongue, and periungual desquamation most likely has which condition?
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Kawasaki disease
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Scarlet fever
Kawasaki disease presents with prolonged fever, conjunctival injection, strawberry tongue, and periungual desquamation. Scarlet fever has a sandpaper rash and Pastia lines. SJS shows mucosal erosions, and RMSF has petechial rash on wrists and ankles.
A child has patchy alopecia with black dot areas and scalp scaling. Which diagnosis fits best?
Alopecia areata
Tinea capitis
Seborrheic dermatitis
Psoriasis
Tinea capitis often causes patchy hair loss with 'black dot' sign and scalp scaling due to fungal infection. Alopecia areata causes smooth, non-scaly patches. Psoriasis and seborrheic dermatitis have scale but not usually hair loss patterns.
Multiple pearly papules with central umbilication are noted on a healthy 5-year-old's trunk. What is the likely diagnosis?
Molluscum contagiosum
Varicella
Viral warts
Actinic keratosis
Molluscum contagiosum presents as pearly umbilicated papules in children. Viral warts are rough, verrucous. Varicella vesicles are not umbilicated papules, and actinic keratosis occurs in sun-damaged skin of older patients.
A child presents with target lesions on the palms and soles, minimal mucosal involvement, and recent HSV infection. Which is the most appropriate diagnosis?
Erythema multiforme minor
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Toxic epidermal necrolysis
Fixed drug eruption
Erythema multiforme minor features target lesions on extremities with little or no mucosal involvement, often triggered by HSV. SJS and TEN have extensive mucosal and skin detachment. Fixed drug eruptions recur in same site.
A newborn has skin blistering and scarring at sites of minor trauma, with milia formation around healed lesions. Which condition is most consistent?
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
Bullous pemphigoid
Bullous impetigo
Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa presents from birth with skin fragility, blistering at trauma sites, scarring, and milia. Bullous impetigo and SSSS are infectious and lack chronic scarring. Bullous pemphigoid is rare in neonates.
A neonate has annular erythematous plaques with central clearing on the face and scalp at birth that persist beyond the first week. Which diagnosis is most likely?
Transient neonatal pustular melanosis
Erythema toxicum neonatorum
Neonatal lupus erythematosus
Seborrheic dermatitis
Neonatal lupus appears at birth with annular erythematous plaques and may persist weeks due to maternal autoantibodies. Erythema toxicum and pustular melanosis resolve within days. Seborrheic dermatitis shows greasy scale.
A hospitalized 8-year-old with over 30% body surface area epidermal detachment and mucosal erosions requires which management?
Transfer to burn unit with supportive fluid and wound care
Outpatient wound dressings and observation
Topical high-potency steroids on denuded skin
Oral antibiotic monotherapy
Toxic epidermal necrolysis management parallels burn care with admission to a specialized unit for fluid resuscitation, wound care, and monitoring. Topical steroids and outpatient care are inadequate. Antibiotic monotherapy is not definitive care.
Which histologic finding differentiates psoriasis from lichen planus?
Saw-tooth rete ridges
Band-like lymphocytic infiltrate at dermal-epidermal junction
Munro microabscesses of neutrophils in stratum corneum
Subcorneal blister formation
Munro microabscesses - collections of neutrophils in the stratum corneum - are characteristic of psoriasis. Lichen planus shows a band-like lymphocytic infiltrate and saw-tooth rete ridges. Subcorneal blisters may occur in pemphigus foliaceus.
A teenager on systemic methotrexate for severe psoriasis requires monitoring of which laboratory value to detect potential adverse effects?
Liver function tests
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
Serum immunoglobulin levels
Fasting blood glucose
Methotrexate can cause hepatotoxicity, so periodic liver function tests are essential. TSH and glucose are unrelated to methotrexate toxicity. Immunoglobulin levels are not needed for routine methotrexate monitoring.
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Learning Outcomes

  1. Identify common inpatient pediatric skin conditions and presentations
  2. Analyse clinical signs to differentiate dermatological diagnoses
  3. Apply evidence-based protocols for inpatient pediatric dermatology care
  4. Demonstrate accurate assessment of lesion morphology and distribution
  5. Evaluate treatment options and management pathways in a hospital setting
  6. Master documentation skills for comprehensive dermatology assessments

Cheat Sheet

  1. Recognize common pediatric skin conditions - From itchy atopic dermatitis to impetigo's honey-colored crusts, you'll learn to spot these rashes like a seasoned detective. Tinea infections also have distinctive ring-shaped lesions that are hard to miss once you know what to look for. Common Skin Rashes in Children | AAFP
  2. Differentiate bacterial, viral, and fungal infections - Become a skin sleuth by noting lesion shape, distribution, and accompanying symptoms like fever or scaling. This skill ensures you choose the right treatment path, from antifungals to antivirals or antibiotics. Common Skin Conditions in Children and Adolescents | AAFP
  3. Apply evidence-based impetigo protocols - Learn when to reach for topical antibiotics versus systemic therapy, based on severity and patient age. These guidelines help you resolve infections quickly while minimizing resistance. Common Skin Infections in Children - PMC
  4. Assess lesion morphology and distribution - Master the art of describing size, color, shape, and pattern so you can distinguish pityriasis rosea from tinea corporis without second-guessing. Detailed lesion mapping is your best friend for accurate follow-up and referrals. Common Skin Rashes in Children | AAFP
  5. Evaluate pediatric treatment options - Balance factors like infection severity, age, and possible side effects to tailor the best management plan. Whether choosing topical creams or systemic meds, you'll feel confident in your decision-making. Common Skin Conditions in Children and Adolescents | AAFP
  6. Master documentation skills - Record lesion details - size, color, texture, and distribution - to track progress and treatment success. Clear notes are key for smooth handoffs and medico-legal safety. Common Skin Rashes in Children | AAFP
  7. Educate families on chronic care - Turn complicated regimens for atopic dermatitis into simple, fun skin-care routines with trigger-avoidance tips. Empowering caregivers boosts compliance and keeps flare-ups at bay. Common Skin Conditions in Children and Adolescents | AAFP
  8. Identify neonatal skin lesions - Spot benign findings like milia and erythema toxicum neonatorum, and learn when to investigate further. Early recognition prevents unnecessary worry and ensures timely interventions if needed. Neonatal Skin Lesions - PubMed
  9. Spot vascular anomalies - From bright red hemangiomas to port-wine stains, understanding typical growth patterns guides monitoring and referral decisions. Some lesions fade on their own, while others need laser or medical therapy. Pediatric Skin Lesions: Comprehensive Review - PMC
  10. Stay updated on emerging therapies - Dermatology is always evolving, so keep an eye on new topical agents, biologics, and procedural options. Continuous learning ensures you deliver cutting-edge care. Common Skin Conditions in Children and Adolescents | AAFP
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