HCl is known as hydrochloric acid. It is a binary acid that follows the naming convention by using the 'hydro-' prefix along with the 'ic acid' ending.

Binary acids are named with the 'hydro-' prefix followed by the stem of the nonmetal and ending with 'ic acid'. This distinguishes them from oxyacids.

HNO3 is named nitric acid because the anion NO3 - takes on the 'ic' ending to indicate higher oxygen content. In contrast, HNO2 is named nitrous acid.

The 'ic' ending in sulfuric acid indicates a higher oxygen content than the 'ous' ending in sulfurous acid. This systematic suffix change helps differentiate between the two acids.

The '-ous' suffix in an oxyacid indicates that the central atom has a lower oxidation state and typically fewer oxygen atoms. This is in contrast to the '-ic' ending, which denotes a higher oxygen content.

H3PO4 is named phosphoric acid following the standard nomenclature for oxyacids. The 'ic' ending signifies a higher oxygenation state compared to phosphorous acid.

H2S is a binary acid and is named using the 'hydro-' prefix combined with the nonmetal's name and the 'ic acid' ending, which results in hydrosulfuric acid.

An increase in oxygen content in oxyacids is indicated by switching the suffix from '-ous' to '-ic'. This change reflects the higher oxidation state and greater oxygen quantity in the acid.

Nitric acid is represented by the formula HNO3. The nitrate ion (NO3 - ) paired with hydrogen forms nitric acid, which is commonly used in various chemical reactions.

When an acid is formed from a polyatomic ion ending in '-ate', the suffix is replaced with '-ic acid'. This modification reflects the higher oxidation state and oxygen content of the acid.

HClO4 is named perchloric acid because the 'per-' prefix indicates that the acid contains the maximum number of oxygen atoms in its series. This distinguishes it from other chlorine oxyacids.

The prefix 'hypo-' signifies that an oxyacid contains the minimum number of oxygen atoms in its series. It is used to differentiate from the 'per-' prefix, which indicates the maximum oxygen content.

HClO2 is named chlorous acid. The '-ous' suffix indicates a lower oxygen content when compared to its '-ic' counterpart, aiding in differentiating among chlorine oxyacids.

For acids derived from ions ending in '-ite', the suffix is changed to '-ous acid'. This convention indicates a lower oxygen content relative to ions ending in '-ate', which convert to '-ic acid'.

H3PO3 is known as phosphorous acid and has a lower oxygen content, while H3PO4 is called phosphoric acid, reflecting its higher oxygenation. This follows the standard '-ous' and '-ic' naming convention.

The order reflects increasing oxygen content: HClO (hypochlorous acid) has the fewest oxygen atoms, and HClO4 (perchloric acid) has the most. The naming prefixes and suffixes correspond to this gradient.

H2SeO3 is analogous to H2SO3 and is named selenous acid, reflecting a lower oxygen content around the central atom. The '-ous' ending differentiates it from the higher oxygenated selenic acid.

HF is a binary acid because it is composed solely of hydrogen and fluorine, lacking oxygen in its structure. The other acids listed are oxyacids that include oxygen atoms.

When an acid is derived from the sulfite ion, the name changes from '-ite' to '-ous acid', resulting in sulfurous acid. This distinguishes it from acids derived from the sulfate ion, which are named with an '-ic acid' ending.

The suffix in an oxyacid's name is determined by the oxidation state of the central atom. A lower oxidation state results in an '-ous' ending, while a higher oxidation state is indicated by an '-ic' ending.