Newton's First Law describes inertia, stating that an object will maintain its state of rest or uniform motion unless acted upon by a net force. This law emphasizes the need for an unbalanced force to change an object's motion.

The equation F = ma is Newton's Second Law, which shows that the net force acting on an object is equal to its mass multiplied by its acceleration. This relationship allows us to predict how an object will respond when forces are applied.

The SI unit of force is the newton, which quantifies the amount of force required to accelerate a one kilogram mass by one meter per second squared. This unit is named in honor of Sir Isaac Newton for his contributions to classical mechanics.

Force is a vector quantity because it has both magnitude and direction. In contrast, speed and mass are scalar quantities since they only have magnitude.

Inertia is the property of an object that resists any change in its state of motion. The more massive an object is, the greater its inertia, meaning it will require more force to change its motion.

Using Newton's Second Law, acceleration is calculated by dividing the net force by the object's mass. With a force of 20 N and a mass of 4 kg, the acceleration is 5 m/s².

Newton's Third Law states that every action force has an equal and opposite reaction force. This means that when one object exerts a force on another, the second object exerts an equally strong force in the opposite direction.

Zero acceleration means that there is no change in the object's velocity. Therefore, the object is either stationary or moving at a constant speed in a straight line.

When equal and opposite forces act on an object, they cancel each other out, resulting in zero net force. This balance means the object will continue in its current state of motion.

Momentum is defined as the product of an object's mass and its velocity, expressed as p = mv. This vector quantity reflects both the amount of matter an object has and how fast it is moving.

According to Newton's Second Law (F = ma), for the same acceleration an object with a larger mass will require a greater net force. This relationship shows the direct proportionality between mass and force if acceleration is held constant.

Force is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction, which must be taken into account when summing forces. Ignoring the directional component can lead to incorrect calculations of the net force.

Impulse, defined as the product of force and the time interval during which it acts, explains the change in momentum of an object. This concept is essential in understanding how forces affect motion over time.

Newton's Second Law (F = ma) directly relates force and acceleration, meaning that if mass is constant, an increase in force will result in an increase in acceleration. This proportional relationship is fundamental to understanding motion.

When forces act in opposite directions, the net force is calculated by subtracting the smaller force from the larger one. Here, 15 N to the right and 5 N to the left result in a net force of 10 N to the right.

The net force on the object is found by subtracting the opposing friction force from the applied force (30 N - 10 N = 20 N). Using F = ma, the acceleration is 20 N divided by 10 kg, which equals 2 m/s².

Terminal velocity is reached when the upward drag force from air resistance balances the downward gravitational force, leading to zero net force on the skydiver. This balance causes the skydiver to continue falling at a constant speed.

In horizontal projectile motion, the horizontal component of velocity remains constant if air resistance is negligible, while the vertical component accelerates due to gravity. This demonstrates the independence of horizontal and vertical motions.

In an inelastic collision, some of the kinetic energy is transformed into other forms of energy such as thermal energy and sound. Thermal energy typically increases because kinetic energy is converted into heat due to deformation and friction during the collision.

The centripetal force required to keep a car moving in a circular path is provided by the friction between the tires and the road surface. This frictional force acts towards the center of the circle, enabling the car to change direction.