A computer is an electronic device that processes data, stores information, and retrieves it as needed. It executes instructions provided by software to perform a variety of tasks.

The keyboard is the standard input device used to enter data and commands into a computer. Other devices like the monitor and printer serve primarily as output devices.

Software is made up of programs and instructions that guide the computer in performing tasks. It is distinct from hardware, which comprises the tangible components of the computer.

A monitor displays visual output from the computer, allowing users to see the results of processes and programs. The other devices listed do not provide visual output.

A Local Area Network (LAN) connects devices within a limited area such as a home, school, or office. Networks like WAN cover larger geographic regions and are not limited to a small area.

An operating system acts as an intermediary between the hardware and software, managing resources and providing essential services. It ensures that programs run efficiently while coordinating hardware functions.

A mouse is a common input device that allows users to interact with graphical user interfaces. Unlike printers, monitors, or speakers, which produce output, a mouse is used for directing input.

A firewall is designed to monitor and control the incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules. Its main purpose is to block unauthorized access and protect the system.

The Internet is a massive network that interconnects various networks around the world, allowing data exchange among millions of users. It is not limited to a single device or local area.

Binary code is the fundamental language of computers, composed solely of two digits: 0 and 1. This system is used to represent all types of data in computing.

Cloud computing provides on-demand access to computing resources such as servers, storage, and applications over the internet. This model offers scalability and flexibility that traditional local storage systems cannot match.

URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator, which specifies the address of resources on the internet. It tells the web browser where to fetch a resource from.

A router is responsible for directing data packets between different networks by determining the best path for data transmission. It plays a crucial role in efficient network communication.

Phishing is a cyber attack technique where fraudsters impersonate trusted organizations to steal sensitive information, such as passwords and credit card details. Recognizing phishing attempts is critical for maintaining cybersecurity.

Microsoft Word is specifically designed for word processing tasks like writing, editing, and formatting text documents. The other options are intended for spreadsheets, graphic design, or web browsing.

Algorithms define clear, step-by-step procedures that computers use to solve problems effectively and efficiently. By optimizing these procedures, software applications can perform tasks faster and with less resource consumption.

Latency is the time delay between the initiation of a request and the beginning of data transfer. Reducing latency is essential for improving the responsiveness of a data communication system.

Digital citizenship involves understanding and practicing ethical and responsible behavior when using technology. It emphasizes the importance of safety, respect, and responsibility in online interactions.

Regular data backups are crucial for protecting important information against hardware failures, accidental deletions, or cyber attacks. By maintaining backups, users can recover lost data and minimize downtime.

Encryption transforms data into a coded format, ensuring that only those with the appropriate decryption key can access it. This process is vital for protecting sensitive information from unauthorized access.